Wave

Definition

A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy through space or matter, characterized by its wavelength, frequency, and amplitude. In chemistry, waves are often discussed in the context of electromagnetic radiation which plays a crucial role in electronic structure.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Electromagnetic waves include visible light, X-rays, ultraviolet light, and radio waves.
2. The speed of light ($c$) in a vacuum is approximately $3.00 \times 10^8$ meters per second.
3. Wavelength ($\lambda$) and frequency ($\nu$) of a wave are inversely proportional: $c = \lambda \nu$.
4. Energy of a photon is given by $E = h\nu$, where $h$ is Planck's constant ($6.626 \times 10^{-34}$ Js).
5. Different elements emit or absorb specific wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation due to electron transitions between energy levels.

Review Questions

• What type of relationship exists between the wavelength and frequency of an electromagnetic wave?
• How do you calculate the energy of a photon using its frequency?
• Why do different elements emit or absorb specific wavelengths of light?

Related terms

Wavelength:

The distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs in a wave.

Frequency:

The number of cycles (waves) that pass a point per second; measured in Hertz (Hz).

Photon: A quantum of electromagnetic radiation; essentially a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation.