Trans configuration

Definition

Trans configuration describes a type of geometric isomerism in coordination complexes where two identical ligands are positioned across from each other, at a 180-degree angle. This arrangement contrasts with the cis configuration, where identical ligands are adjacent.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In a trans configuration, the bond angles between the identical ligands and the central metal atom are 180 degrees.
2. Trans configurations can influence the physical properties and reactivity of coordination compounds differently compared to cis configurations.
3. The trans effect is a phenomenon observed in square planar complexes where certain ligands can direct substitution reactions preferentially to occur trans to themselves.
4. Trans isomers generally have different solubility, melting points, and boiling points compared to their cis counterparts due to differences in molecular symmetry.
5. Stereoisomerism, including trans configurations, plays a crucial role in the biological activity and industrial applications of coordination compounds.

Review Questions

• What is the bond angle between identical ligands in a trans configuration?
• How does the trans effect influence substitution reactions in square planar complexes?
• In what ways do physical properties differ between trans and cis configurations?

Related terms

Cis Configuration: A type of geometric isomerism where two identical ligands are positioned next to each other in a coordination complex.

Geometric Isomerism:

A form of stereoisomerism where compounds have the same formula but differ in spatial arrangement around a central atom or group.

Ligand:

An ion or molecule that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.