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Sulfates are salts or esters of sulfuric acid containing the anion $SO_4^{2-}$. They are commonly found in minerals, industrial processes, and biological systems.
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Sulfuric Acid: A strong mineral acid with the chemical formula $H_2SO_4$. It is used in various industrial processes and manufacturing.
Gypsum: A soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate ($CaSO_4 \cdot 2H_2O$), commonly used in construction materials.
$SO_4^{2-}$: The chemical formula for the sulfate ion, consisting of one sulfur atom covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms, with a -2 charge.