S-p mixing

Definition

s-p mixing is the interaction between atomic s and p orbitals, leading to a modification in molecular orbital energies. It occurs when the energy difference between s and p atomic orbitals is small.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The extent of s-p mixing depends on the relative energies of the s and p atomic orbitals.
2. s-p mixing can lead to changes in the ordering of molecular orbitals in diatomic molecules.
3. In homonuclear diatomic molecules like O2, N2, and F2, s-p mixing significantly affects their molecular orbital diagrams.
4. s-p mixing results in bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals having different character than they would without mixing.
5. Elements with smaller atomic numbers (e.g., Boron, Carbon) exhibit more pronounced s-p mixing compared to heavier elements.

Review Questions

Related terms

Molecular Orbital Theory: A theory that describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in terms of molecular orbitals that can spread over several atoms.

Bonding Molecular Orbital: An orbital formed by the constructive interference of atomic orbitals, resulting in an increase in electron density between nuclei.

Antibonding Molecular Orbital: An orbital formed by the destructive interference of atomic orbitals, resulting in a decrease in electron density between nuclei.