Reduction

Definition

Reduction is a chemical reaction that involves the gain of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion. It often occurs simultaneously with oxidation in redox reactions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Reduction results in a decrease in the oxidation state of the substance being reduced.
2. In redox reactions, reduction is always accompanied by oxidation of another species.
3. Common examples include the reduction of metals from their ores and the hydrogenation of organic compounds.
4. The substance that gains electrons (gets reduced) is called the oxidizing agent.
5. Redox reactions are essential in processes like respiration, photosynthesis, and corrosion.

Review Questions

• What happens to the oxidation state of an element during reduction?
• In a redox reaction, if one species undergoes reduction, what must happen to another species?
• Can you name a real-life process where reduction plays a critical role?

Related terms

Oxidation:

A chemical reaction that involves the loss of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion.

Redox Reaction:

A type of chemical reaction that involves both reduction and oxidation processes.

Oxidizing Agent:

The substance that accepts electrons in a redox reaction and becomes reduced.