Pi bond (π bond)

Definition

A pi bond (π bond) is a type of covalent bond formed by the lateral overlap of atomic orbitals, usually p-orbitals. It is characterized by electron density concentrated above and below the plane of the nuclei of the bonding atoms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The formation of a π bond occurs only after a sigma (σ) bond has been formed between two atoms.
2. π bonds are generally weaker than σ bonds due to less effective orbital overlap.
3. In double and triple bonds, one of the bonds is always a σ bond while the remaining are π bonds.
4. The presence of π bonds restricts the rotation around the bond axis, leading to rigidity in molecular structure.
5. π bonds play crucial roles in determining the chemical reactivity and properties of molecules, particularly in unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Related terms

Sigma Bond (σ bond): A type of covalent bond formed by head-on overlapping between atomic orbitals, resulting in electron density concentrated along the axis connecting two nuclei.

Double Bond:

A chemical bond consisting of one sigma (σ) bond and one pi (π) bond between two atoms.

Valence Bond Theory:

A theory that explains how atomic orbitals overlap to form covalent bonds in molecules.