Nodes

Definition

Nodes are points in an atomic orbital where the probability of finding an electron is zero. They occur due to the wave-like nature of electrons, leading to regions of destructive interference.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Nodes can be classified into two types: radial and angular nodes.
2. The total number of nodes in an orbital is given by the formula $n-1$, where $n$ is the principal quantum number.
3. Radial nodes are spherical surfaces where the probability density of finding an electron is zero.
4. Angular nodes are planes or cones where the probability density of finding an electron is zero.
5. The presence of nodes influences the shape and energy of atomic orbitals.

Review Questions

• What is a node in the context of atomic orbitals?
• How do you calculate the total number of nodes in an orbital?
• Differentiate between radial and angular nodes.

Related terms

Atomic Orbital: A region in space around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron.

Principal Quantum Number (n): A quantum number that specifies the energy level and size of an atomic orbital.

Electron Density:

A measure of the probability of an electron being present at a specific location around an atom's nucleus.