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Ligands are ions or molecules that can donate a pair of electrons to a central atom or ion to form a coordination complex. They act as Lewis bases in this interaction.
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Coordination Complex: A structure consisting of a central atom or ion bonded to surrounding ligands through coordinate covalent bonds.
Lewis Base: A substance that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond.
Denticity: The number of donor atoms in a ligand that can bind to a single central metal ion.