Lanthanides

Definition

Lanthanides are a series of 15 metallic elements from lanthanum (La) to lutetium (Lu) in the periodic table. They are known for their high magnetic susceptibility and luminescent properties.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lanthanides are located in the f-block of the periodic table, specifically in period 6.
2. They are often referred to as rare earth elements, though they are relatively abundant in the Earth's crust.
3. These elements typically exhibit a +3 oxidation state.
4. Lanthanides have similar chemical properties due to their similar electron configurations, making them difficult to separate.
5. Applications of lanthanides include use in catalysts, phosphors for color TV screens and LED lights, and strong permanent magnets.

Review Questions

• Where are lanthanides located on the periodic table?
• What is the most common oxidation state of lanthanide elements?
• List two applications of lanthanides.

Related terms

Actinides:

A series of elements from actinium (Ac) to lawrencium (Lr), located in the f-block below lanthanides on the periodic table.

Rare Earth Elements: A group of 17 chemical elements that includes all lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium.

Electron Configuration:

The distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.