Inert gases

Definition

Inert gases, also known as noble gases, are elements in Group 18 of the periodic table that are characterized by their lack of reactivity due to having a complete valence electron shell. They include helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Inert gases have a full valence electron shell, making them highly stable and unreactive under normal conditions.
2. They are all colorless, odorless, and tasteless gases at room temperature.
3. Helium is used in balloons and as a coolant for superconducting magnets due to its low boiling point.
4. Neon is widely used in advertising signs because it emits a bright light when an electric current passes through it.
5. Radon is radioactive and can pose health risks if accumulated in homes.

Review Questions

• Why are inert gases referred to as 'noble'?
• Which inert gas is commonly used in neon signs?
• What property of inert gases makes them useful as coolants?

Related terms

Valence Electrons: Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that determine its chemical properties.

Periodic Table: A tabular arrangement of chemical elements organized by increasing atomic number and grouped by similar chemical properties.

Reactivity: The tendency of a substance to engage in chemical reactions.