Ground electronic state

Definition

The ground electronic state is the lowest energy state of an atom or molecule, where all electrons are in their lowest possible energy levels. It is the most stable state and serves as the reference point for other excited states.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The ground electronic state represents the most stable configuration of electrons.
2. Electrons in the ground state occupy the lowest available energy orbitals according to the Aufbau principle.
3. In hydrogen, the ground state corresponds to its electron being in the n=1 orbital.
4. The term 'ground state' contrasts with 'excited states', where one or more electrons have absorbed energy and moved to higher orbitals.
5. Understanding the ground state is essential for explaining phenomena like emission spectra and ionization energy.

Review Questions

Related terms

Excited State: An excited state occurs when an electron has absorbed energy and moved to a higher energy orbital than its ground state.

Aufbau Principle:

A rule that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher ones.

Emission Spectrum:

The spectrum of light released from excited atoms as they return to their ground states, emitting photons at specific wavelengths.