Gravimetric analysis

Definition

Gravimetric analysis is a quantitative method in chemistry where the amount of an analyte is determined by measuring the mass of a solid. This technique typically involves precipitation, filtration, and weighing.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The process usually starts with converting the analyte into an insoluble form through a precipitation reaction.
2. Filtration is used to separate the precipitate from the solution.
3. After filtration, the precipitate is dried to a constant weight before being weighed.
4. Accuracy in gravimetric analysis depends on complete precipitation and thorough washing of the precipitate to remove impurities.
5. The final mass measurement allows for calculating the amount of analyte present using stoichiometric relationships.

Review Questions

• What are the main steps involved in gravimetric analysis?
• How does one ensure accuracy in gravimetric analysis?
• Why is it important to dry the precipitate to a constant weight?

Related terms

Precipitation Reaction: A chemical reaction that forms an insoluble product (precipitate) from soluble reactants.

Filtration: A mechanical or physical process used to separate solids from liquids by passing through a filter medium.

Stoichiometry: $\text{The calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions using balanced chemical equations.}$