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💏intro to chemistry review

Empirical formula

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

An empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of elements in a compound. It does not show the actual number of atoms, but rather the relative proportions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Empirical formulas are derived from experimental data.
  2. They can be identical to molecular formulas if the molecule's composition is already in the simplest ratio.
  3. The empirical formula for glucose (C6H12O6) is CH2O.
  4. To determine an empirical formula, convert mass percentages to moles and then simplify the ratios.
  5. Empirical formulas are essential for understanding stoichiometry in chemical reactions.

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