Density is a measure of mass per unit volume. It is typically expressed in units such as grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³).
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Density is calculated using the formula $\rho = \frac{m}{V}$, where $\rho$ is density, $m$ is mass, and $V$ is volume.
The density of a substance can help identify it, as different materials have characteristic densities.
Temperature and pressure can affect the density of a substance; typically, increasing temperature decreases density while increasing pressure increases density.
Water has a maximum density at 4°C, which is approximately 1 g/cm³.
Density plays a crucial role in buoyancy; an object will float in a fluid if its density is less than that of the fluid.