Complete ionic equation

Definition

A complete ionic equation shows all of the ions present as either reactants or products in a chemical reaction. Unlike a molecular equation, it details soluble ionic compounds as dissociated ions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In a complete ionic equation, strong electrolytes are written as separate ions.
2. Spectator ions do not change during the reaction and appear on both sides of the equation.
3. The sum of charges on both sides of the equation must be equal, maintaining charge balance.
4. Weak electrolytes, gases, solids, and liquids are not dissociated in complete ionic equations.
5. Complete ionic equations are useful for identifying the actual species involved in reactions.

Review Questions

• What distinguishes a complete ionic equation from a molecular equation?
• Why are spectator ions included in a complete ionic equation?
• How do you determine which compounds to dissociate into ions in a complete ionic equation?

Related terms

Molecular Equation: An equation that shows the complete chemical formulas of reactants and products without indicating their ionic character.

Net Ionic Equation: An equation that only includes the species that actually participate in the reaction, omitting spectator ions.

Spectator Ions: Ions that do not participate directly in the chemical reaction and remain unchanged on both sides of a complete ionic equation.