Central metal

Definition

A central metal is the metal atom or ion in a coordination complex to which ligands are directly bonded. It acts as the core around which the structure of the coordination compound is formed.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The central metal typically belongs to the transition metals group.
2. It forms coordinate bonds with ligands, which donate electron pairs to it.
3. The oxidation state and electronic configuration of the central metal influence the properties and reactivity of the complex.
4. Common examples include Fe in hemoglobin and Mg in chlorophyll.
5. The geometry of the coordination complex (e.g., octahedral, tetrahedral) depends on the number and arrangement of ligands around the central metal.

Review Questions

Related terms

Ligand:

A molecule or ion that donates an electron pair to form a coordinate bond with a central metal.

Coordination Number:

The number of ligand donor atoms bonded to a central metal ion in a coordination complex.

Chelate: A type of ligand that forms multiple bonds to a single central metal atom, creating a ring structure.