Carbonates

Definition

Carbonates are salts or esters of carbonic acid containing the carbonate ion, $CO_3^{2-}$. They are commonly found in minerals and used in various industrial processes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Carbonates often form through precipitation reactions involving metal ions and carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions.
2. Common examples of carbonates include calcium carbonate (CaCO_3), which is found in limestone, chalk, and marble.
3. Heating carbonates typically results in decomposition to form metal oxides and carbon dioxide gas.
4. Carbonates are basic and react with acids to produce a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas.
5. They play a significant role in geological processes such as the formation of sedimentary rocks.

Review Questions

• What is the general chemical formula for a carbonate ion?
• Name two common minerals that contain calcium carbonate.
• Describe what happens when a carbonate compound reacts with an acid.

Related terms

Calcium Carbonate: A common carbonate mineral with the formula $CaCO_3$, found in limestone, marble, and chalk.

Precipitation Reaction: A chemical reaction where a solid forms from a solution during the reaction of two aqueous solutions.

Decomposition Reaction: A type of chemical reaction where one compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.