Amphiphilic

Definition

Amphiphilic molecules have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts. These dual characteristics allow them to interact with both aqueous and non-aqueous environments.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Amphiphilic molecules can form micelles in water, with the hydrophobic tails inward and hydrophilic heads outward.
2. Soaps and detergents are common examples of amphiphilic substances used in everyday life.
3. These molecules play a significant role in the formation of cellular membranes by creating lipid bilayers.
4. Amphiphiles can act as emulsifiers, stabilizing mixtures of oil and water.
5. They are critical in various biochemical processes, including drug delivery systems.

Review Questions

• What is the structural characteristic that defines an amphiphilic molecule?
• How do amphiphilic molecules behave when placed in water, and what structure do they form?
• What practical applications utilize amphiphilic substances?

Related terms

Micelle:

A spherical structure formed by amphiphilic molecules in aqueous solutions where hydrophobic tails are sequestered inside and hydrophilic heads face outward.

Lipid Bilayer: A double-layered arrangement of amphiphilic lipid molecules that forms the basic structure of cell membranes.

Emulsifier: A substance that stabilizes an emulsion by reducing the surface tension between two immiscible liquids, often containing amphiphilic molecules.