Supernova

Definition

A supernova is a powerful and luminous explosion marking the death of a massive star. It can outshine entire galaxies for short periods and significantly impact its surrounding space.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. A supernova occurs when a massive star exhausts its nuclear fuel and undergoes gravitational collapse.
2. There are two main types of supernovae: Type I (lack hydrogen lines) and Type II (show hydrogen lines).
3. Supernovae are major sources of heavy elements in the universe, dispersing them into the interstellar medium.
4. The remnants of supernovae can form neutron stars or black holes depending on the mass of the original star.
5. Supernova explosions are primary sources of cosmic rays, which travel through space at nearly the speed of light.

Review Questions

• What triggers a supernova explosion in a massive star?
• What is the difference between Type I and Type II supernovae?
• How do supernovae contribute to the chemical enrichment of the universe?

Related terms

Neutron Star:

The dense core left behind after a supernova, composed mostly of neutrons.

Black Hole:

A region in space with gravitational pull so strong that not even light can escape it, often formed from remnants of massive stars post-supernova.

Cosmic Rays:

High-energy particles originating from outer space, often accelerated by supernova explosions.