String theory is a theoretical framework in which point-like particles are replaced by one-dimensional strings. These strings can vibrate at different frequencies to represent various fundamental particles.
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String theory aims to reconcile general relativity and quantum mechanics.
It suggests the existence of multiple dimensions beyond the familiar three spatial dimensions and one time dimension.
The vibrations of strings correspond to different particles, with different modes representing different particle properties.
String theory proposes that all fundamental forces, including gravity, are unified within this framework.
Variants of string theory include Type I, Type II (A and B), and heterotic string theories.