Sedimentary rocks

Definition

Sedimentary rocks are types of rocks formed by the accumulation and compression of mineral and organic particles on Earth's surface. They often contain fossils and are typically layered, providing important geological information.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sedimentary rocks cover approximately 75% of Earth's surface.
2. They are primarily classified into clastic, chemical, and organic sedimentary rocks.
3. Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of fragments from pre-existing rocks.
4. Chemical sedimentary rocks form from the precipitation of minerals from water.
5. Organic sedimentary rocks consist mainly of plant or animal debris.

Review Questions

• What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by sedimentary rocks?
• Name the three primary classifications of sedimentary rocks.
• How do chemical sedimentary rocks form?

Related terms

Igneous Rocks: Rocks formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

Metamorphic Rocks: Rocks that have been transformed by heat, pressure, or chemical processes.

Lithification: The process through which sediments compact under pressure to become solid rock.