Hubble Ultra Deep Field

Definition

The Hubble Ultra Deep Field is an image of a small region of space in the constellation Fornax, constructed from Hubble Space Telescope data accumulated over many hours of observation. It is considered one of the most important deep-field images ever taken, as it provides a glimpse into the early universe and the formation of galaxies.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Hubble Ultra Deep Field image was taken over the course of 400 orbits of the Hubble Space Telescope, accumulating a total exposure time of nearly 12 days.
2. The image covers an area of the sky about one-thirteenth the diameter of the full Moon, yet it contains an estimated 10,000 galaxies.
3. The faintest galaxies in the image are over 13 billion light-years away, meaning we are seeing them as they appeared just 400-800 million years after the Big Bang.
4. The Hubble Ultra Deep Field has provided valuable insights into the formation and evolution of galaxies in the early universe, as well as the role of dark matter and dark energy.
5. The image has been used to study the distribution of galaxy types, the relationship between galaxy mass and luminosity, and the formation of supermassive black holes in the centers of galaxies.

Review Questions

• Explain how the Hubble Ultra Deep Field image has contributed to our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution in the early universe.
  • The Hubble Ultra Deep Field image has provided an unprecedented glimpse into the early universe, revealing thousands of faint, distant galaxies that formed just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang. By studying the properties and distribution of these galaxies, astronomers have gained valuable insights into the formation and evolution of galaxies in the first billion years of the universe's history. The image has helped scientists understand the role of dark matter and dark energy in shaping the large-scale structure of the cosmos, as well as the growth of supermassive black holes in the centers of galaxies.
• Describe how the Hubble Ultra Deep Field image was constructed and the significance of the long exposure time.
  • The Hubble Ultra Deep Field image was constructed by combining data from hundreds of individual exposures taken by the Hubble Space Telescope over the course of many hours. The total exposure time was nearly 12 days, which allowed the telescope to collect enough light to reveal the faintest and most distant galaxies in the field of view. The long exposure time was critical because the light from these distant galaxies has been significantly redshifted due to the expansion of the universe, making them appear extremely faint and difficult to detect. By accumulating such a large amount of data, the Hubble Ultra Deep Field image has provided an unprecedented view of the early universe, allowing astronomers to study the formation and evolution of galaxies in the first few hundred million years after the Big Bang.
• Evaluate the impact of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field image on our understanding of the universe and the development of modern cosmology.
  • The Hubble Ultra Deep Field image has had a profound impact on our understanding of the universe and the development of modern cosmology. By revealing thousands of distant, faint galaxies, the image has provided a window into the early universe, allowing astronomers to study the formation and evolution of galaxies in the first few hundred million years after the Big Bang. This has led to a better understanding of the role of dark matter and dark energy in shaping the large-scale structure of the cosmos, as well as the growth of supermassive black holes in the centers of galaxies. Additionally, the image has helped refine our models of galaxy formation and evolution, and has served as a valuable resource for studying the distribution of different galaxy types and their relationship to the overall cosmic web. The Hubble Ultra Deep Field image has therefore become a cornerstone of modern cosmology, and has significantly advanced our knowledge of the universe and its origins.

Related terms

Deep Field: A deep field image is an astronomical image of an extremely small and extremely distant region of the universe, taken using a very long exposure time to reveal faint objects.

Redshift:

Redshift is the phenomenon where the wavelength of light from distant galaxies is shifted towards longer, redder wavelengths due to the expansion of the universe.

Cosmic Microwave Background:

The cosmic microwave background is the oldest light in the universe, dating back to the time of recombination, when the universe became transparent to radiation.