Absorption spectrum

Definition

Absorption spectrum is a graph or display showing the absorption of light at different wavelengths by a material. It reveals the specific wavelengths absorbed by atoms or molecules, corresponding to their energy levels.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. An absorption spectrum appears as a series of dark lines or bands superimposed on a continuous spectrum.
2. It is produced when light passes through a gas or liquid and specific wavelengths are absorbed by the atoms or molecules.
3. The dark lines in an absorption spectrum correspond to the wavelengths of light that have been absorbed.
4. Each element has a unique absorption spectrum, acting like a fingerprint for identifying substances.
5. Absorption spectra are important tools for studying the composition and properties of astronomical objects.

Review Questions

• What causes the dark lines in an absorption spectrum?
• How can astronomers use an absorption spectrum to identify elements in distant stars?
• Why does each element have a unique absorption spectrum?

Related terms

Emission Spectrum:

A graph showing the wavelengths of light emitted by an atom or molecule, appearing as bright lines on a dark background.

Spectroscopy:

The study of how matter interacts with electromagnetic radiation, used to analyze light from astronomical objects.

Continuous Spectrum:

A seamless range of colors (wavelengths) without any gaps, typically produced by solid, liquid, or dense gaseous sources.