key term - Richard E. Smalley

Definition

Richard E. Smalley was an American chemist who made groundbreaking contributions to the field of nanotechnology, particularly known for his discovery of fullerenes, a class of carbon molecules. His work in the late 20th century has played a pivotal role in advancing the understanding and applications of nanomaterials, linking fundamental chemistry with innovative technology.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Richard E. Smalley shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for his role in the discovery of fullerenes, which opened new avenues for research in nanomaterials.
2. Smalley emphasized the importance of nanotechnology and its potential to revolutionize fields such as medicine, materials science, and electronics.
3. He founded the Rice University Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology to promote research and education in nanotechnology.
4. Smalley was an advocate for responsible science and often spoke about the implications of nanotechnology on society and the environment.
5. His work has laid the foundation for various applications of nanomaterials, including drug delivery systems, advanced materials, and energy storage solutions.

Review Questions

• How did Richard E. Smalley's discovery of fullerenes influence the field of nanotechnology?
  • Richard E. Smalley's discovery of fullerenes significantly influenced nanotechnology by providing a new class of carbon structures that showcased unique properties at the nanoscale. This opened doors for extensive research into how these materials could be applied in various technologies, such as electronics and materials science. The ability to manipulate these nanoscale structures has led to innovations that change how we approach problems in chemistry, physics, and engineering.
• Discuss the societal implications Richard E. Smalley highlighted regarding advancements in nanotechnology.
  • Richard E. Smalley was vocal about the societal implications that advancements in nanotechnology could bring. He emphasized that while nanotechnology holds incredible potential for innovation in areas like medicine and energy, it also raises concerns regarding health, safety, and environmental impact. Smalley advocated for responsible development and regulation of nanomaterials to ensure that their benefits could be realized without compromising public safety or ethical standards.
• Evaluate the legacy of Richard E. Smalley in shaping future research directions in nanomaterials and related technologies.
  • The legacy of Richard E. Smalley is profound in shaping future research directions in nanomaterials and related technologies. His pioneering work on fullerenes not only earned him a Nobel Prize but also inspired a new generation of scientists to explore nanoscale phenomena. Smalley's emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration fostered innovation across chemistry, biology, and engineering, leading to significant advances in areas like drug delivery systems and renewable energy technologies. His vision continues to guide ongoing research efforts aimed at harnessing the potential of nanomaterials for practical applications while addressing ethical considerations.

Related terms

Fullerenes: A class of carbon molecules that includes structures such as buckyballs and carbon nanotubes, discovered by Smalley and his colleagues.

Nanotechnology:

The manipulation of matter on an atomic or molecular scale, typically below 100 nanometers, which has wide-ranging applications in various fields.

Carbon Nanotubes: Cylindrical nanostructures made from carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern, exhibiting extraordinary strength and electrical properties, which were enabled by Smalley's research.