Vishnu

Definition

Vishnu is one of the principal deities in Hinduism, known as the preserver and protector of the universe. He is part of the Hindu trinity (Trimurti) alongside Brahma, the creator, and Shiva, the destroyer. Vishnu's role emphasizes the preservation of dharma, or cosmic order, and he is often depicted descending to earth in various avatars to restore balance during times of chaos.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vishnu has ten principal avatars known as the Dashavatara, which include famous incarnations like Rama and Krishna.
2. He is often depicted with blue skin, holding a conch shell, discus, mace, and lotus flower, symbolizing his divine attributes.
3. The Bhagavad Gita features Krishna, an avatar of Vishnu, delivering important teachings about duty and righteousness to Arjuna.
4. Vishnu's consort is Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity, highlighting the connection between preservation and abundance.
5. Devotees often chant mantras like 'Om Namo Narayanaya' as an expression of their devotion to Vishnu.

Review Questions

• How does Vishnu's role as a preserver relate to the concept of dharma in Hindu belief?
  • Vishnu's role as a preserver directly connects to dharma as he ensures that cosmic order is maintained. Whenever there is a threat to dharma due to chaos or evil forces, Vishnu incarnates in different avatars to restore balance. His actions reflect the importance of upholding moral law and ensuring that righteousness prevails in the universe.
• Analyze how Vishnu's avatars demonstrate his significance within Hindu mythology and beliefs.
  • Vishnu's avatars illustrate his adaptability and commitment to preserving cosmic order. Each avatar addresses specific challenges faced by humanity or the world at large. For instance, Rama represents ideal virtue and duty in 'Ramayana', while Krishna emphasizes love and devotion in 'Mahabharata'. These stories not only highlight Vishnu's significance but also convey important moral lessons central to Hindu beliefs.
• Evaluate the influence of Vishnu worship on contemporary Hindu practices and beliefs.
  • Vishnu worship remains central in contemporary Hinduism, influencing rituals, festivals, and community life. Festivals like Janmashtami celebrate Krishna's birth, emphasizing devotion and cultural identity. Moreover, the philosophical teachings found in texts associated with Vishnu promote values such as compassion and duty, shaping ethical conduct for millions. The ongoing relevance of Vishnu reflects how ancient beliefs continue to resonate within modern spiritual practices.

Related terms

Dharma: Dharma refers to the moral law and duty that governs individual conduct in accordance with the cosmic order.

Avatar: An avatar is a deliberate descent of a deity to earth, often in a physical form, to achieve specific goals or restore balance.

Trimurti: The Trimurti is the trinity of supreme divinity in Hinduism, comprising Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the preserver), and Shiva (the destroyer).