Digambara

Definition

Digambara is one of the two main sects of Jainism, characterized by its belief that ascetics should renounce all clothing as a symbol of their detachment from material possessions and worldly life. This practice reflects a broader commitment to strict asceticism and non-possessiveness, which are central to Jain beliefs. Digambaras also emphasize the concept of achieving liberation through individual effort and discipline, often contrasting with the other major sect, Svetambara, which holds different views on clothing and rituals.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Digambara monks do not wear any clothes as a practice of extreme asceticism, believing that true renunciation requires complete detachment from material possessions.
2. In Digambara philosophy, women must be reborn as men in order to achieve liberation, while Svetambaras believe women can attain liberation in their current state.
3. Digambaras hold that the scriptures should be interpreted in a way that emphasizes individual effort over reliance on community practices or rituals.
4. The Digambara tradition celebrates a unique set of texts known as the 'Canons' that form part of their religious literature, differing from Svetambara texts.
5. Digambaras also celebrate the festival of Paryushana with specific rituals that focus on deep reflection and spiritual purification over eight days.

Review Questions

• How does the practice of asceticism differ between Digambara and Svetambara sects of Jainism?
  • The primary difference in ascetic practices between Digambara and Svetambara is the attire of their monks. Digambaras believe that complete renunciation includes not wearing any clothes at all, emphasizing absolute detachment from material items. In contrast, Svetambara monks wear white robes as a symbol of purity and modesty. This difference reflects deeper theological beliefs regarding attachment and liberation in both sects.
• Discuss how the Digambara view on women's ability to achieve liberation contrasts with that of Svetambara Jains.
  • Digambaras hold a more restrictive view regarding women's ability to achieve liberation, asserting that women must be reborn as men to attain moksha due to their inherent attachments in their current form. This perspective creates a significant theological divide with the Svetambara sect, which believes women can achieve liberation without needing to be reborn as men. This divergence highlights broader debates within Jainism regarding gender and spiritual equality.
• Evaluate the impact of Digambara beliefs on contemporary Jain practices and community dynamics compared to Svetambara traditions.
  • The impact of Digambara beliefs on contemporary Jain practices is significant, as their strict adherence to asceticism influences how communities perceive spiritual achievement and material detachment today. Digambaras continue to attract followers who value rigorous discipline in their religious lives, creating distinct community identities compared to Svetambara practices which may integrate more ritualistic elements. This divergence fosters discussions about modern interpretations of Jain teachings, contributing to evolving dynamics within the broader Jain community.

Related terms

Svetambara:

The other primary sect of Jainism that differs from Digambara in practices such as the wearing of white clothing by its monks and differing interpretations of certain scriptures.

Tirthankara: A spiritual teacher in Jainism who has achieved liberation and guides others on the path to enlightenment; Mahavira is considered the last Tirthankara.

Ahimsa: The principle of non-violence toward all living beings, which is foundational to Jain beliefs and heavily emphasized by both sects.