Subsistence farming

Definition

Subsistence farming is a type of agriculture where farmers grow food primarily for their own consumption rather than for sale or trade. This method focuses on producing enough crops and livestock to meet the needs of the family or community, with minimal surplus for external markets. It emphasizes self-sufficiency and often involves traditional farming techniques, which were particularly important for many indigenous cultures, including those living in the Plateau region.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Subsistence farming was essential for Plateau tribes as it allowed them to cultivate crops such as camas and wild roots, which were staples in their diets.
2. These farming practices were often supplemented with foraging and fishing, creating a diverse and sustainable food system.
3. Subsistence farming among Plateau tribes was closely tied to seasonal changes, with farmers planting and harvesting in sync with local climate conditions.
4. Cultural rituals and practices often revolved around the cycles of planting and harvesting, emphasizing community involvement and sharing.
5. The techniques used in subsistence farming included the use of hand tools and methods that preserved the health of the land for future generations.

Review Questions

• How did subsistence farming practices influence the dietary habits and social structures of Plateau tribes?
  • Subsistence farming directly influenced the dietary habits of Plateau tribes by providing essential crops like camas and various roots that formed the basis of their diet. This reliance on local agricultural practices fostered a strong sense of community as families worked together to plant, harvest, and share their food. The social structures within these tribes often reflected this communal approach to farming, emphasizing collaboration and resource-sharing among families.
• What role did seasonal changes play in the subsistence farming methods of Plateau tribes?
  • Seasonal changes were crucial in determining when Plateau tribes would plant and harvest their crops. Farmers closely monitored climate conditions and natural indicators, aligning their agricultural activities with these patterns to maximize yield. This connection to nature not only dictated agricultural success but also influenced cultural practices, celebrations, and communal gatherings centered around planting and harvest times.
• Evaluate how the practice of subsistence farming among Plateau tribes reflects their broader cultural values and environmental stewardship.
  • The practice of subsistence farming among Plateau tribes showcases their deep cultural values rooted in sustainability and respect for nature. These tribes approached farming not just as a means of survival but as a vital part of their identity, integrating spiritual beliefs and traditional ecological knowledge into their agricultural practices. By focusing on self-sufficiency while ensuring that the land remained healthy for future generations, they exemplified a stewardship model that aligns with modern principles of sustainable agriculture.

Related terms

Crop Rotation: A farming practice where different types of crops are grown in the same area in sequenced seasons to improve soil health and reduce pests.

Foraging: The act of searching for and gathering wild food resources, often complementing subsistence farming practices.

Traditional Ecological Knowledge: The cumulative body of knowledge, practices, and beliefs about relationships between living beings and their environment, passed down through generations among indigenous peoples.