Imperialism

Definition

Imperialism is the policy or ideology where a nation extends its power and influence over other countries or territories, often through military force, colonization, or economic domination. This practice has significant historical implications, shaping international relations and often leading to resistance and conflict. The concept of imperialism is crucial for understanding how powerful nations sought to expand their territories and control resources, especially in the context of Hawaiian history.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani in 1893 was a direct result of imperialist ambitions, as local planters and businessmen sought to establish a government more favorable to U.S. interests.
2. Hawaii's annexation by the United States in 1898 marked a significant example of imperialism, as it involved the U.S. asserting control over Hawaiian sovereignty for strategic military and economic purposes.
3. Imperialism often faced resistance from native populations, which can be seen in Hawaii through movements that sought to restore the monarchy and maintain cultural identity.
4. The economic interests behind imperialism in Hawaii included sugar plantations, which drove many American businessmen to push for closer ties with the U.S. government.
5. The legacy of imperialism in Hawaii continues to affect cultural and political dynamics today, as issues of identity, sovereignty, and rights for Native Hawaiians remain relevant.

Review Questions

• How did imperialism influence the events leading to the overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani?
  • Imperialism played a crucial role in the events surrounding the overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani as American businessmen and sugar planters sought to increase their influence over Hawaiian politics. Their desire for a government that would support their economic interests led them to collaborate with U.S. officials to orchestrate her removal from power. This act of overthrowing a sovereign leader was driven by imperialistic motivations, showcasing how foreign interests can destabilize local governance.
• Discuss the implications of Hawaii's annexation by the United States on its political status and local population.
  • Hawaii's annexation by the United States significantly altered its political status from an independent kingdom to a territory under American control. This transition meant that local governance was overshadowed by U.S. interests, leading to a loss of sovereignty for Hawaiians. The annexation sparked considerable debate about the rights of native populations and resulted in resistance movements that sought to reclaim power and preserve cultural heritage amidst increasing American influence.
• Evaluate the long-term effects of imperialism on Hawaii’s social structure and cultural identity.
  • The long-term effects of imperialism on Hawaii’s social structure and cultural identity are profound and complex. Following annexation, traditional governance structures were dismantled, leading to social upheaval and changes in community dynamics. Additionally, the imposition of American culture and values resulted in significant cultural erosion among Native Hawaiians. Today, this legacy manifests in ongoing struggles for cultural preservation, recognition of indigenous rights, and a re-examination of Hawaii's place within both American history and global contexts.

Related terms

Colonization: The act of establishing control over foreign lands and peoples, often involving the settlement of colonizers and exploitation of resources.

Sovereignty: The authority of a state to govern itself and make decisions free from external interference.

Annexation: The formal act of acquiring territory by one state from another, typically without the consent of the governed population.