labor force participation rate: The labor force participation rate measures the percentage of the working-age population that is either employed or actively seeking employment.
underemployment: Underemployment refers to a situation where individuals are working in jobs that do not fully utilize their skills or provide adequate hours, often leading to financial instability.
cyclical unemployment: Cyclical unemployment occurs due to downturns in the business cycle, where a lack of demand for goods and services leads to job losses across various sectors.