Rescript on Education

Definition

The Rescript on Education was a pivotal document issued in 1879 by the Meiji government in Japan, outlining the principles of education that aimed to foster a national identity and loyalty among the citizens. This rescript emphasized moral education, the importance of learning for the sake of the nation, and sought to create a more enlightened society following the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate. It reflected the government's broader goal of modernization and the restoration of imperial rule, as it encouraged a sense of unity and purpose among the Japanese people during a time of great change.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Rescript on Education was intended to instill a sense of duty and loyalty to the emperor and nation among Japanese citizens.
2. It was part of a broader set of reforms aimed at modernizing Japan's educational system in line with Western models.
3. The document emphasized moral education, promoting virtues such as loyalty, perseverance, and respect for others.
4. Following its issuance, schools incorporated the principles outlined in the rescript into their curricula to shape students' values.
5. The Rescript on Education remained influential until after World War II when Japan's education system underwent further reforms.

Review Questions

• How did the Rescript on Education reflect the goals of the Meiji government in transforming Japanese society?
  • The Rescript on Education reflected the goals of the Meiji government by emphasizing the importance of moral education and national identity. It aimed to create citizens who were not only educated but also loyal to the emperor and committed to the nation's modernization. This alignment with the government's objectives was crucial during a time when Japan sought to strengthen itself against Western influences and assert its place as a modern nation-state.
• Analyze how the principles outlined in the Rescript on Education influenced Japan's educational reforms during the Meiji era.
  • The principles in the Rescript on Education served as a foundational framework for Japan's educational reforms by prioritizing moral education alongside academic subjects. Schools began to integrate these values into their curricula, promoting a sense of nationalism among students. The emphasis on loyalty and duty shaped a generation that was not only literate but also committed to contributing positively to society and supporting the state's ambitions for modernization.
• Evaluate the long-term impact of the Rescript on Education on Japanese society and its educational system, particularly post-World War II.
  • The long-term impact of the Rescript on Education can be seen in how it laid the groundwork for Japan's modern educational system and cultural values. While its focus on moral education persisted for decades, post-World War II reforms led to a significant shift away from its militaristic overtones toward more democratic ideals. This evolution reflects Japan's transition into a peaceful nation focused on economic growth and innovation, showcasing how foundational documents can influence societal values over time while also adapting to changing historical contexts.

Related terms

Meiji Restoration:

A period of rapid modernization and transformation in Japan from 1868 to 1912, marked by the restoration of imperial rule and significant social, political, and economic changes.

Nationalism:

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation, often leading to a sense of unity and pride among its citizens.

Compulsory Education: A legal requirement for children to receive an education, established in Japan during the Meiji period as part of efforts to modernize the nation.