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🇨🇦history of canada – 1867 to present review

John Diefenbaker

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

John Diefenbaker was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from 1957 to 1963. He is best known for his efforts to promote Canadian nationalism and his role in expanding civil rights, particularly through the Canadian Bill of Rights. His leadership coincided with the Baby Boom era, impacting the social landscape of Canada and influencing its identity on the global stage after World War II.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Diefenbaker's government was notable for its commitment to the Canadian Bill of Rights, which was one of the first pieces of legislation to protect individual rights in Canada.
  2. During his time as Prime Minister, Diefenbaker faced challenges related to Canada's identity on the world stage, particularly as it navigated the Cold War dynamics.
  3. He played a crucial role in promoting Canadian nationalism by advocating for a distinct Canadian identity separate from British influence.
  4. Diefenbaker's policies were influenced by the Baby Boom generation, as he sought to address their needs through social programs and infrastructure development.
  5. His government made significant strides in advancing Indigenous rights, including the recognition of treaty rights and a commitment to improve living conditions for Indigenous peoples.

Review Questions

  • How did John Diefenbaker's policies reflect the social changes brought about by the Baby Boom?
    • John Diefenbaker's policies were closely aligned with the needs and expectations of the Baby Boom generation, who were coming of age during his time in office. He recognized the growing demand for educational and social services and advocated for infrastructure development that would support a burgeoning population. His commitment to improving living conditions through various social programs was a direct response to the changing demographics and societal expectations during this time.
  • In what ways did Diefenbaker contribute to Canada's evolving identity after World War II?
    • Diefenbaker contributed significantly to Canada's evolving identity by promoting Canadian nationalism and emphasizing the importance of self-determination. His government sought to distinguish Canada from its British colonial roots, advocating for policies that reflected Canadian values and interests. This shift helped to foster a sense of pride among Canadians and solidified Canada's position as an independent nation on the international stage following World War II.
  • Evaluate the long-term impacts of Diefenbaker's leadership on civil rights and Canadian nationalism within the context of post-war Canada.
    • The long-term impacts of John Diefenbaker's leadership are evident in the advancement of civil rights and Canadian nationalism that emerged during and after his tenure. The Canadian Bill of Rights laid a foundation for future legal protections for individuals, influencing subsequent human rights legislation across Canada. Furthermore, his promotion of Canadian nationalism helped catalyze discussions around national identity that continue to shape Canadian society today, creating an environment where diverse cultures are celebrated while reinforcing Canada's independence in international affairs.