Conventional implicature

Definition

Conventional implicature refers to the additional meaning that is associated with specific words or phrases in a language, which is understood by speakers without needing context. Unlike conversational implicature, which relies on context and speaker intention, conventional implicature is tied to the linguistic meaning of expressions, often indicated by certain terms that carry inherent implications. This concept highlights how language can convey layers of meaning beyond the literal interpretation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conventional implicature is typically associated with specific words like 'but', 'even', and 'only', which carry particular implications in sentences.
2. This type of implicature does not depend on conversational context and can be derived from the meanings of the words themselves.
3. Unlike conversational implicature, which can change based on context or social norms, conventional implicature remains stable across different situations.
4. Understanding conventional implicature is essential for grasping nuances in meaning and can affect interpretations in both spoken and written language.
5. In terms of communication effectiveness, recognizing conventional implicature can lead to clearer exchanges, as it provides a shared understanding of what certain expressions imply.

Review Questions

• How does conventional implicature differ from conversational implicature in terms of meaning and context?
  • Conventional implicature differs from conversational implicature primarily in its dependence on linguistic meaning rather than context. While conventional implicature relies on specific words or phrases that inherently carry additional meanings understood universally by speakers, conversational implicature depends on situational context and the intentions behind a speaker's choice of words. This means that conventional implicatures remain consistent across different conversations, whereas conversational implicatures can vary significantly depending on the situation.
• In what ways do Grice's maxims relate to the concept of conventional implicature in communication?
  • Grice's maxims provide a framework for understanding how effective communication typically works by emphasizing cooperation between speakers. Conventional implicature operates alongside these maxims by offering fixed meanings associated with certain terms that can enhance clarity in conversation. When speakers adhere to Grice's maxims while also utilizing conventional implicatures, it can lead to more nuanced and precise exchanges, ensuring that listeners grasp both the literal and implied meanings intended by the speaker.
• Evaluate the significance of recognizing conventional implicature when analyzing complex sentences in literature or everyday speech.
  • Recognizing conventional implicature is crucial for analyzing complex sentences because it allows readers or listeners to uncover layers of meaning that may not be immediately apparent. In literature, authors often employ conventional implicatures to enrich their narratives and convey deeper themes or emotions without explicit statements. In everyday speech, being aware of these implications helps individuals navigate social interactions more effectively, as it promotes better understanding of not just what is said but also what is meant. This awareness ultimately enhances comprehension and communication skills in various contexts.

Related terms

Conversational implicature:

A type of implicature that arises from the context of a conversation, where the meaning goes beyond the literal interpretation based on the speakers' intentions.

Grice's maxims: Principles proposed by philosopher H.P. Grice that govern cooperative communication, including maxims of quantity, quality, relation, and manner.

Presupposition:

An assumption or belief implied by a speaker that is taken for granted in conversation, often serving as background knowledge for understanding utterances.