key term - Hermann Göring

Definition

Hermann Göring was a prominent Nazi leader and one of Adolf Hitler's closest associates, known for his roles as a military commander, head of the Luftwaffe, and president of the Reichstag. His influence was significant in shaping Nazi policies, particularly during the early years of World War II, including the Blitz and the German war strategy. As the war progressed, his power waned, culminating in his capture and trial after Germany's surrender.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Göring played a key role in orchestrating the Luftwaffe's air campaign during the Battle of Britain, attempting to achieve air superiority over Britain to facilitate a potential invasion.
2. He was responsible for implementing policies that contributed to the economic exploitation of occupied territories and was heavily involved in the plundering of art and resources.
3. Göring's ambitions led him to seek greater military power, but his failure in directing the Luftwaffe effectively contributed to Germany's eventual military defeats.
4. In 1945, as defeat loomed, Göring attempted to assume leadership of the Nazi regime, showing desperation as he sought to maintain power amid collapsing support.
5. After being captured by Allied forces, Göring was tried at the Nuremberg Trials where he was convicted and sentenced to death for war crimes but committed suicide before execution.

Review Questions

• How did Hermann Göring influence Nazi military strategies during key battles such as the Battle of Britain?
  • Hermann Göring significantly influenced Nazi military strategies by leading the Luftwaffe during the Battle of Britain. His belief in achieving air superiority was central to the Blitz tactics aimed at crippling British morale and infrastructure. However, despite his confidence and strategic plans, the Luftwaffe ultimately failed to gain dominance over British forces, contributing to Germany's eventual inability to launch a successful invasion.
• In what ways did Göring's actions as president of the Reichstag reflect the consolidation of Nazi power in Germany?
  • As president of the Reichstag, Hermann Göring played a crucial role in consolidating Nazi power by facilitating legislative processes that undermined democratic institutions. He oversaw sessions that passed laws enabling Hitler's regime to suppress opposition and expand its authority. Göring's control over this legislative body illustrated how the Nazis manipulated government structures to eliminate political dissent and establish totalitarian rule.
• Evaluate Hermann Göring's legacy post-World War II, particularly regarding his role in war crimes and how it shaped international law.
  • Hermann Göring's legacy post-World War II is heavily marked by his prominent role in perpetrating war crimes, leading to his trial at Nuremberg. His conviction highlighted issues related to accountability for state leaders and laid foundational principles for international law regarding war crimes. The proceedings against Göring emphasized the necessity for legal frameworks that could hold individuals responsible for atrocities committed during wartime, significantly impacting how future conflicts would be addressed legally on an international scale.

Related terms

Luftwaffe:

The aerial warfare branch of the German Wehrmacht during World War II, responsible for conducting air operations, including the Blitz.

Reichstag: The German parliament during the Nazi regime, which Göring presided over, representing the consolidation of Nazi power.

Nuremberg Trials:

A series of military tribunals held after World War II to prosecute prominent leaders of Nazi Germany for war crimes, including Hermann Göring.