Split Infinitives

Definition

A split infinitive occurs when an adverb or other word is inserted between the word 'to' and the verb in an infinitive form, such as 'to boldly go.' This construction has sparked debate among grammarians, particularly in the context of prescriptive versus descriptive approaches to language. While prescriptive rules often discourage split infinitives, favoring a more traditional structure, descriptive perspectives accept their usage as a natural evolution of language.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The term 'split infinitive' gained popularity in the early 20th century, especially after a famous example from the Star Trek series: 'to boldly go where no man has gone before.'
2. Prescriptive grammarians often view split infinitives as awkward or incorrect, while descriptive grammarians argue that they can enhance clarity and emphasis in writing.
3. Many style guides have relaxed their stance on split infinitives, recognizing that they can sometimes improve sentence flow and readability.
4. Despite traditional opposition, split infinitives are commonly used in everyday language and are increasingly accepted in formal writing.
5. Understanding the difference between prescriptive and descriptive approaches helps clarify why some writers advocate for or against the use of split infinitives.

Review Questions

• How do split infinitives challenge traditional grammatical rules established by prescriptive grammar?
  • Split infinitives challenge traditional grammatical rules by placing an adverb between 'to' and the verb, which some prescriptive grammarians consider a violation of standard English syntax. This construction has been historically criticized for being awkward or unclear. However, recognizing their validity in contemporary language demonstrates a shift towards accepting more flexible structures that prioritize clarity and expressiveness over rigid adherence to outdated rules.
• Discuss the arguments for and against the use of split infinitives from both prescriptive and descriptive perspectives.
  • Arguments against split infinitives from a prescriptive perspective often emphasize the belief that such constructions create confusion or disrupt the flow of sentences. In contrast, descriptive linguists argue that language is inherently fluid and that split infinitives can enhance meaning by providing emphasis. They assert that if a split infinitive makes a sentence clearer or more impactful, it should be considered acceptable regardless of traditional rules.
• Evaluate the impact of changing attitudes towards split infinitives on modern English usage and writing styles.
  • Changing attitudes towards split infinitives reflect a broader evolution in English usage that values practicality and expressiveness over strict adherence to prescriptive norms. As acceptance grows for constructions previously deemed incorrect, writers are encouraged to prioritize clarity and style. This shift not only influences personal writing but also impacts formal publications and academic standards, ultimately leading to richer and more diverse forms of expression within the English language.

Related terms

Infinitive:

The base form of a verb, usually preceded by 'to,' indicating the action without specifying a subject, like 'to run' or 'to see.'

Prescriptive Grammar: An approach to grammar that establishes rules and norms for how language should be used, often emphasizing traditional structures and avoiding certain constructions like split infinitives.

Descriptive Grammar: An approach to grammar that describes how language is actually used by speakers, embracing variations and changes in usage, including split infinitives.