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📏english grammar and usage review

Neither/nor constructions

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Neither/nor constructions are grammatical structures used to connect two or more negative alternatives, indicating that none of the mentioned options apply. This construction is essential for ensuring agreement in number and tense within a sentence, as it helps maintain clarity when presenting negative choices.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. In neither/nor constructions, the verb typically agrees with the nearest subject when two subjects are connected by neither/nor.
  2. When using neither/nor with multiple subjects, if one is singular and the other plural, the verb usually agrees with the subject closest to it.
  3. Neither/nor constructions can also be used to connect singular nouns, plural nouns, or phrases, always maintaining a negative context.
  4. This construction can create confusion if not used correctly, so clarity in placement and agreement is crucial.
  5. In informal usage, some speakers may disregard strict agreement rules, but formal writing requires adherence to grammatical standards.

Review Questions

  • How does the use of neither/nor affect subject-verb agreement in sentences with multiple subjects?
    • The use of neither/nor affects subject-verb agreement by directing the verb to agree with the nearest subject. For example, in the sentence 'Neither the teacher nor the students were ready,' the verb 'were' agrees with 'students,' which is plural and closest to the verb. This ensures clarity and correctness in expressing that both subjects do not apply.
  • Discuss the implications of using neither/nor with a mix of singular and plural subjects and how it impacts sentence structure.
    • When using neither/nor with a mix of singular and plural subjects, the construction can lead to varied interpretations based on proximity. For instance, in 'Neither my friend nor my friends are attending,' 'are' agrees with 'friends,' being plural. However, if structured as 'Neither my friends nor my friend is attending,' then 'is' correctly agrees with 'friend.' This highlights how careful placement affects clarity and grammatical accuracy.
  • Evaluate the significance of adhering to grammatical rules for neither/nor constructions in formal writing contexts.
    • Adhering to grammatical rules for neither/nor constructions in formal writing is significant because it maintains clarity and precision in communication. Incorrect usage can lead to misunderstandings or misinterpretations of a sentence's meaning. By following standard rules for subject-verb agreement and proper structure, writers ensure that their messages are clear and professionally presented, reinforcing their credibility and respect for language conventions.