Electrical Circuits and Systems I
A sine wave is a smooth, periodic oscillation that represents a continuous waveform characterized by its amplitude, frequency, and phase. This wave is fundamental in the study of electrical circuits and signals, as it serves as the ideal representation of alternating current (AC) and forms the basis for analyzing circuit responses to sinusoidal excitation. Its mathematical representation is given by the equation $$y(t) = A imes ext{sin}(2 ext{π}ft + φ)$$, where A is the amplitude, f is the frequency, and φ is the phase shift.
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