key term - Tutankhamun

Definition

Tutankhamun, often referred to as King Tut, was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty who ascended to the throne at a young age and is best known for his nearly intact tomb discovered in 1922. His reign marked a significant period during the New Kingdom when Egypt experienced cultural flourishing and imperial expansion, although his rule was brief and largely overshadowed by the more influential reigns of his predecessors and successors.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tutankhamun became pharaoh at around the age of 8 or 9 and ruled for about 10 years before his early death around 18 or 19 years old.
2. His tomb, discovered by Howard Carter, was filled with priceless artifacts, including the famous gold mask, which showcased the wealth and artistry of New Kingdom Egypt.
3. The discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb in 1922 sparked global interest in ancient Egypt and led to a surge in Egyptology research and tourism.
4. Despite his short reign, Tutankhamun's significance lies not only in his treasures but also in his efforts to restore traditional polytheistic beliefs after the monotheistic rule of his father, Akhenaten.
5. The mystery surrounding his death has fueled numerous theories, ranging from illness to assassination, adding intrigue to his historical legacy.

Review Questions

• How did Tutankhamun's reign reflect the broader cultural developments of the New Kingdom?
  • Tutankhamun's reign is often seen as a reflection of the broader cultural developments during the New Kingdom due to its emphasis on art, architecture, and religious practices. His restoration of traditional polytheistic worship after the radical changes brought by his father, Akhenaten, showcased a return to established beliefs that resonated with the Egyptian populace. The treasures found in his tomb also highlight the incredible artistry and wealth that characterized this period in ancient Egyptian history.
• Discuss the impact of Howard Carter's discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb on global perceptions of ancient Egypt.
  • Howard Carter's discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb had a profound impact on global perceptions of ancient Egypt, igniting a fascination with its history, culture, and artifacts. The wealth and craftsmanship found within the tomb not only underscored the sophistication of ancient Egyptian civilization but also captivated public imagination worldwide. This discovery led to increased interest in archaeology and Egyptology, prompting further research and exploration into ancient cultures.
• Evaluate how Tutankhamun's life and reign influenced subsequent historical narratives about ancient Egyptian pharaohs.
  • Tutankhamun's life and reign significantly influenced subsequent historical narratives about ancient Egyptian pharaohs by highlighting themes of youth, power struggles, and cultural restoration. His early death and the mystery surrounding it have added layers of intrigue that continue to fascinate historians and scholars. Additionally, the treasures found within his tomb serve as symbols of royal power and divine connection, reinforcing ideas about kingship in ancient Egypt that are echoed in narratives about other pharaohs both before and after him.

Related terms

New Kingdom:

The period in ancient Egyptian history from the 16th to the 11th century BCE characterized by territorial expansion, monumental architecture, and a peak in cultural achievements.

Akhenaten:

The father of Tutankhamun and a pharaoh known for introducing monotheism to Egypt through the worship of the sun god Aten, which led to significant religious upheaval.

Howard Carter:

The British archaeologist who discovered Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings, leading to one of the most significant archaeological finds in history.