key term - Kamose

Definition

Kamose was an important pharaoh of the 17th Dynasty of Egypt, known for his military campaigns against the Hyksos, a foreign dynasty that had taken control of Lower Egypt. His reign is significant as it marked the beginning of the end for Hyksos rule and contributed to the eventual reunification of Egypt during the subsequent 18th Dynasty.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Kamose ruled from around 1573 to 1567 BCE and is recognized as one of the last pharaohs of the 17th Dynasty.
2. His military campaigns were primarily directed at the Hyksos, where he achieved several victories that weakened their hold on Egypt.
3. Kamose is known for a famous inscription found on a stela that records his battles against the Hyksos, reflecting his determination to reclaim Egyptian sovereignty.
4. He initiated a series of aggressive military actions that laid the groundwork for his brother Ahmose I's successful expulsion of the Hyksos.
5. Kamose's reign is often seen as a crucial turning point in Egyptian history, leading directly to the rise of the powerful New Kingdom.

Review Questions

• How did Kamose's actions set the stage for future conflicts with the Hyksos?
  • Kamose's military campaigns against the Hyksos were crucial in weakening their power in Lower Egypt. By launching aggressive attacks and recording his victories, he not only showcased his military strength but also inspired further resistance among Egyptians. This laid the groundwork for his successor, Ahmose I, to complete the task of expelling the Hyksos and restoring Egyptian rule.
• Evaluate the impact of Kamose’s reign on Egyptian history and its transition from the Second Intermediate Period to the New Kingdom.
  • Kamose’s reign was pivotal as it marked a significant shift in Egyptian history from foreign rule back to native leadership. His military efforts against the Hyksos catalyzed a series of events that led to their eventual expulsion by Ahmose I. This transition not only restored Egyptian sovereignty but also set in motion a new era known as the New Kingdom, characterized by territorial expansion and cultural flourishing.
• In what ways can Kamose be seen as a precursor to Ahmose I's achievements, and how did his legacy influence later perceptions of Egyptian kingship?
  • Kamose can be viewed as a precursor to Ahmose I's achievements through his bold military campaigns that challenged Hyksos dominance. His willingness to engage in warfare and reclaim territory set a precedent for future pharaohs who saw themselves as protectors of Egypt. Furthermore, Kamose's legacy contributed to later perceptions of kingship by establishing ideals of strength and resilience that were celebrated in subsequent dynasties, reinforcing the notion of pharaohs as warriors who safeguard their nation.

Related terms

Hyksos:

A group of foreign rulers who took over parts of Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, introducing new technologies and practices.

Theban Dynasty: The ruling family during the period that included Kamose, which sought to regain control over Egypt from the Hyksos.

Ahmose I:

The successor of Kamose, who successfully expelled the Hyksos from Egypt and founded the 18th Dynasty, marking the beginning of the New Kingdom.