👶developmental psychology review

key term - Fetal Stage

Definition

The fetal stage is the final phase of prenatal development, occurring from the ninth week of pregnancy until birth. During this period, the developing organism is referred to as a fetus and undergoes significant growth and maturation, preparing for life outside the womb. This stage is characterized by the formation of complex structures and systems, as well as increased size and weight of the fetus.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The fetal stage begins at approximately nine weeks gestation, following the embryonic stage where basic structures are formed.
  2. During the fetal stage, major organs and systems continue to develop and become functional, including the brain, heart, and lungs.
  3. The average fetus grows significantly during this stage, gaining weight from around 1 ounce at nine weeks to approximately 7.5 pounds at full term.
  4. This stage is critical for brain development, with billions of neurons being formed and connections established as the fetus prepares for postnatal life.
  5. Movement becomes noticeable during the second trimester, as the fetus begins to engage in activities such as kicking and rolling.

Review Questions

  • How does the fetal stage differ from earlier stages of prenatal development in terms of growth and development?
    • The fetal stage differs significantly from earlier stages like the embryonic stage due to the emphasis on growth and maturation rather than initial formation. While the embryonic stage focuses on developing foundational structures and organs, the fetal stage sees those organs maturing and becoming functional. This growth spurt leads to dramatic increases in size and weight, with notable physical changes occurring as the fetus prepares for birth.
  • Discuss the potential impacts of teratogens during the fetal stage and why this period is particularly vulnerable.
    • During the fetal stage, exposure to teratogens can have profound effects on development due to rapid growth and critical organ formation. As organs like the brain and heart are developing their complexity, harmful substances like alcohol or certain medications can disrupt normal processes, leading to physical or cognitive impairments. The vulnerability during this stage highlights the importance of prenatal care and minimizing exposure to harmful agents to ensure healthy fetal development.
  • Evaluate how understanding the fetal stage contributes to a broader knowledge of human development across the lifespan.
    • Understanding the fetal stage is essential for grasping human development across the lifespan because it sets a foundation for later health outcomes and developmental trajectories. Research has shown that experiences in utero can influence aspects such as cognitive abilities, physical health, and even emotional well-being later in life. By studying this critical phase, researchers can draw connections between prenatal experiences and lifelong patterns, informing interventions that promote better health from early stages onward.