study guides for every class

that actually explain what's on your next test

Hypothesis test

from class:

Intro to Statistics

Definition

A hypothesis test is a statistical method used to make inferences or draw conclusions about a population based on sample data. It involves comparing observed data with what we expect under the null hypothesis.

congrats on reading the definition of hypothesis test. now let's actually learn it.

ok, let's learn stuff

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The null hypothesis ($H_0$) states that there is no effect or difference, and it serves as the default assumption.
  2. The alternative hypothesis ($H_a$) represents what you aim to support, indicating an effect or difference.
  3. A p-value measures the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis; a lower p-value indicates stronger evidence.
  4. Common significance levels ($\alpha$) are 0.05, 0.01, and 0.10, determining the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis.
  5. Types of errors include Type I error (rejecting $H_0$ when it is true) and Type II error (failing to reject $H_0$ when it is false).

Review Questions

  • What does the p-value indicate in a hypothesis test?
  • Explain the difference between Type I and Type II errors.
  • How do you determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis?
© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.
Glossary
Guides