The Heaviside method, also known as the cover-up method, is a technique for finding partial fraction decompositions. It simplifies the process by covering up parts of the equation to quickly find coefficients.
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The Heaviside method is particularly useful for simple linear factors in the denominator.
It involves setting $x$ to values that simplify the equation by zeroing out all but one term.
This method works best when the polynomial in the numerator is of lower degree than the polynomial in the denominator.
The Heaviside method speeds up finding constants compared to solving a system of equations.
It can only be used directly when all factors in the denominator are distinct and linear.