Hubble Space Telescope

Definition

The Hubble Space Telescope is a large, space-based observatory launched in 1990 that has revolutionized our understanding of the universe through its ability to capture high-resolution images across various wavelengths of light. It has played a crucial role in the historical development of astronomy and astrophysics, contributed significantly to the discovery of exoplanets, and showcased the advantages of space-based observatories by providing clear, unobstructed views of celestial phenomena without the interference of Earth's atmosphere.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Hubble Space Telescope orbits Earth at an altitude of approximately 547 kilometers (about 340 miles) and has been responsible for many groundbreaking discoveries in astronomy.
2. Hubble's ability to observe in various wavelengths, including ultraviolet and near-infrared light, has led to significant insights about the age of the universe and the expansion rate known as the Hubble constant.
3. It was one of the first telescopes to confirm the existence of exoplanets through direct imaging techniques and continues to contribute to exoplanet research with advanced spectroscopic methods.
4. The telescope's location above Earth's atmosphere allows it to avoid atmospheric distortion and light pollution, resulting in images that are far clearer than those taken from ground-based telescopes.
5. Hubble has provided key evidence for phenomena such as dark energy, galaxy formation and evolution, and the presence of black holes at the centers of galaxies.

Review Questions

• How has the Hubble Space Telescope contributed to our understanding of cosmic phenomena compared to ground-based telescopes?
  • The Hubble Space Telescope has greatly enhanced our understanding of cosmic phenomena by capturing high-resolution images free from atmospheric distortion. This allows astronomers to observe distant galaxies, nebulae, and other celestial objects in unprecedented detail. Compared to ground-based telescopes, Hubble's ability to observe in different wavelengths, such as ultraviolet and infrared, provides additional insights into the processes governing these objects.
• Discuss how Hubble has impacted the study and detection of exoplanets.
  • Hubble has had a significant impact on the study and detection of exoplanets by utilizing its advanced imaging capabilities to directly observe and analyze these distant worlds. Through methods such as transit photometry and spectroscopy, Hubble has been able to characterize the atmospheres of some exoplanets and identify potential signs of habitability. Its findings have helped shape our understanding of planetary systems beyond our own.
• Evaluate the role of the Hubble Space Telescope in advancing modern astrophysics and its implications for future space-based observatories.
  • The Hubble Space Telescope has played a pivotal role in advancing modern astrophysics by providing invaluable data that have led to major breakthroughs in our understanding of the universe. Its observations have influenced theories about galaxy formation, dark matter, and cosmic expansion. As new space-based observatories are developed, like the James Webb Space Telescope, they build on Hubble's legacy by utilizing its findings while offering even more advanced technologies for exploring deeper into space and time.

Related terms

Electromagnetic Spectrum: The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, which includes visible light, radio waves, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Exoplanet: A planet that orbits a star outside our solar system, often studied to understand planetary systems and potential habitability.

Space-Based Observatory: An astronomical observatory located outside Earth's atmosphere, allowing for clearer observations of celestial objects and phenomena without atmospheric interference.