Expansionism: Expansionism refers to the policy or ideology of expanding a nation's territory, influence, or power. It often involves acquiring new land through colonization, annexation, or conquest.
Nationalism: Nationalism is an intense feeling of loyalty and pride towards one's own nation. It often manifests as a desire for the nation to assert dominance over others and expand its influence.
Racism: Racism is the belief in the superiority or inferiority of certain racial groups. In the context of imperialism, it played a significant role in justifying colonial domination and exploitation based on notions of racial hierarchy.