Without Their Knowledge

Definition

When conducting a study without the knowledge of participants, it means that they are not aware of being involved in the research or the specific manipulations being done to them.

Related terms

Informed Consent:

Obtaining voluntary agreement from participants after informing them about the purpose, procedures, and potential risks/benefits of the study.

Deception:

Deliberately misleading or withholding information from participants to avoid biasing their behavior or responses.

Covert Observation: Conducting observations without participants' awareness to prevent them from changing their natural behavior.