Unconscious processes refer to mental activities that occur outside of our awareness, such as thoughts, desires, and memories that are hidden from conscious thought. These processes can influence our behavior and emotions without us realizing it.
Defense mechanisms are unconscious strategies used by the ego to protect itself from anxiety or distressing thoughts. For example, repression is when we push unwanted memories or impulses into the unconscious.
Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic approach developed by Sigmund Freud that aims to bring unconscious conflicts and desires into conscious awareness through techniques like free association and dream analysis.
The id is an aspect of personality according to Freud's psychoanalytic theory. It operates on the pleasure principle, seeking instant gratification for basic needs and desires without considering social norms or consequences.