key term - Node of Ranvier

Definition

A node of Ranvier is a small gap in the myelin sheath that surrounds and insulates the axon of a neuron. These gaps are important for the efficient transmission of electrical signals along the axon.

Related terms

Saltatory Conduction: Saltatory conduction is the process by which an electrical signal jumps from one node of Ranvier to another, skipping over the insulated regions covered by myelin. This allows for rapid transmission of nerve impulses.

Axon:

The axon is a long, slender projection that extends from a neuron's cell body and carries electrical impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells.

Myelin Sheath:

The myelin sheath is a fatty substance that wraps around some axons, acting as an insulating layer to speed up neural communication and protect the axon.