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Empirical evidence refers to data or information that is gathered through observation, experimentation, or measurement. It is based on real-world observations rather than theory or speculation.
A hypothesis is a testable prediction or explanation for an observed phenomenon.
A control group is a group in an experiment that does not receive any treatment and serves as a comparison to the experimental group.
Correlation refers to the statistical relationship between two variables. It does not imply causation but helps identify patterns and associations.