The effects of labeling refer to how categorizing or naming someone can influence both how others perceive them and their own self-perception.
Self-fulfilling Prophecy: This is when our beliefs about others lead us to act in ways that make these beliefs come true.
This occurs when people feel at risk of confirming negative stereotypes about their social group.
Stigma: Stigma refers to a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person.