Misinformation Effect: The misinformation effect occurs when a person's memory recall is distorted by misleading post-event information they have encountered. It highlights how external information can alter one's memory.
Source Monitoring Error: Source monitoring errors refer to difficulties in accurately identifying the source of a memory, leading to confusion about whether an event was personally experienced or learned from another source.
Flashbulb Memories: Flashbulb memories are vivid and detailed recollections of significant events that hold personal importance (e.g., 9/11 attacks). However, even these intense memories can contain distortions due to emotional factors and subsequent influences.