Alan Baddeley is a prominent cognitive psychologist known for his research on working memory and his development of the multi-component model of working memory. His model challenged the earlier Atkinson-Shiffrin's model by proposing a more complex and dynamic view of how memory processes work.
Working memory is a system that temporarily holds and manipulates information needed for cognitive tasks. It consists of multiple components, including the phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, central executive, and episodic buffer.
Atkinson-Shiffrin’s Model: Atkinson-Shiffrin's model was an earlier theory that described human memory as consisting of three separate stores: sensory memory, short-term memory (working memory), and long-term memory.
Phonological Loop: The phonological loop is one component of Baddeley's working memory model responsible for storing verbal and auditory information through subvocal rehearsal. It helps in maintaining speech-based sounds or words in short-term storage while performing other mental tasks.